26 results
Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Urgency Urinary Incontinence (UUI) -> Urinary leakage preceded by a
; BOO (tumour, stone ... BPH, urethral or bladder ... causing Decreased tone ... Incr PVR if a complication ... - Failure to Store
Increased Urination - Differential Diagnosis Framework - Increased Volume / Frequency
 • Increased osmotic load (Increased
mannitol), Chronic kidney ... • Inability of kidneys ... Isosthenuria): Chronic kidney ... calculi, Bladder ... Pelvic Muscle Tone
Causes of Urinary Tract Obstruction - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Upper Tract - Bladder NOT distended on ultrasound,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Upper Tract - Bladder ... carcinoma - Stone ... stone • ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Lower Urinary Tract Infections: Complications
 - Infection damages the urinary tract epithelium causing fibroblast proliferation and
Tract Infections: Complications ... extends above the bladder ... Infection of the kidney ... urine -> Struvite stones ... Pathophysiology #Complications
Causes of Pelvic Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Gastrointestinal:
 • Appendiceal abscess
 • Diverticular abscess
 • Diverticulosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Distended bladder ... • Bladder cancer ... • Pelvic kidney ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Medications causing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration: Diuretics
 • Altered intrarenal autoregulation: ACEIs / ARBs,
causing Acute Kidney ... methotrexate Postrenal -↓ bladder ... urinary sphincter tone ... #AKI #Acute #Kidney
Causes of Nephrolithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Radio-opaque - Calcium-containing - 90% of stones
Radiolucent - Non-calcium 10%
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Uric Acid Stones ... - 10% of stones ... Medullary sponge kidney ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Acute Pancreatitis - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

Presentation: 
 • Epigastric abdominal pain (90%, characteristically
HyperCa2+ • Other: ERCP ... to assess for complications ... , biliary, stones ... Gallstones: Urgent ERCP ... cholangitis, consider ERCP
Causes of Hematuria - Glomerular vs Non-glomerular

== Glomerular ==
- Glomerulonephritis 
- Thin basement membrane disease 

==
Non-glomerular == Kidney ... - Polycystic kidney ... - Polyp Bladder ... Hematuria #Glomerular #Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Acute Kidney Injury ... • Neurogenic Bladder ... #AKI #Acute #Kidney ... nephrology #causes #algorithm