2018 results
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
Pathogenesis and risk factors ... Leukemia) • GI diseases ... liver or kidney disease ... • Lifestyle Factors
Hemophilia - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis:
 • Consistent bleeding history (unless screening for disease in family members
screening for disease ... with established disease ... von Willebrand factor ... with relevant factor ... those with severe disease
Bleeding and Bruising - Disorders of Hemostasis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

== Quantitative or Qualitative defect in
Von Willebrand’s disease ... Von Willebrand disease ... Von Willebrand disease ... deficiency • Liver disease ... Acquired: • Liver disease
Alzheimer's Disease - Summary
 • Epidemiology
 • Pathophysiology
 • Risk Factors
 • Presentation
 • Diagnosis
 •
Alzheimer's Disease ... Pathophysiology • Risk Factors ... #Alzheimers #Disease
Autoantibodies and their Disease Associations
ANA - Non-specific; common in SLE, autoimmune hepatitis
Anti-CCP, Rheumatoid factor - RA
Anti-dsDNA
Autoantibodies and their Disease ... Anti-CCP, Rheumatoid factor ... connective tissue disease ... (TTG) - Celiac disease ... #Associations #diseases
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) - Diagnosis
Clinical Features:
 • Altered mental status (Either lethargy, confusion, or
blindness) Risk Factors ... • Autoimmune disease ... Diagnosis: Risk Factor
Summary of Coagulation Deficiencies
Inherited:
 • Hemophilia A - Deficiency of Factor VIII
 • Hemophilia B -
Deficiency of Factor ... Deficiency of Factor ... Malabsorption (e.g. celiac disease ... Advanced Liver Disease ... Autoimmune • Factor
Causes of Bleeding / Bruising - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Thrombocytopenia - Quantitative Defect
 • Decreased Production
 •
ASA) • Renal Disease ... Congenital • Factor ... Deficiency • Factor ... Von Willebrand's Disease ... Iatrogenic) • Liver Disease
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis - Pathophysiology
Environmental Risk Factors: Geographic location, Smoking, Microbial triggers, Xenobiotics, Nail polish
Epigentics Risk
Environmental Risk Factors ... Epigentics Risk Factors ... female-predominant disease ... Genetic Risk Factors ... of autoimmune disease
Risk factors for atherosclerosis

Modifiable risk factors:
 - Dyslipidemia (elevated LDL, decreased HDL)
 - Tobacco smoking
 -
Risk factors for ... Modifiable risk factors ... Non-modifiable risk factors ... coronary artery disease