730 results
Feedback Loop: Prolactin (PRL)
 • PRL levels exhibit diurnal, menstrual, and age-related variation
 • TRH has
Feedback Loop: Prolactin ... Prolactin #PRL #FeedbackLoop
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
Feedback Loop: Growth ... GrowthHormone #GH #FeedbackLoop
Regulation of GFR
Physiologically, GFR is auto-regulated very precisely with changes in the mean arterial pressure (MAP)
neuro-hormonal feedback ... Tubuloglomerular feedback ... Neuro-hormonal feedback
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
algorithm Decreased renal ... excretion • Acute renal ... • Congenital adrenal ... Addison's/congenital adrenal ... high: • Post-renal
Menstrual Cycle Physiology: Ovarian Cycle – Ovulation Explained

Around Day 14, estrogen exerts sudden +++ positive feedback
sudden +++ positive feedback ... negative to positive feedback
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
 • ACTH stimulation test - Synthetic ACTH does not stimulate cortisol secretion because
Primary Adrenal ... dysfunctional adrenal ... Elevated, because feedback ... inhibition by adrenal ... injury to the adrenal
Adrenal Crisis
Do not confuse acute adrenal crisis with Addison disease. In 1855, Thomas Addison described a
Adrenal Crisis ... confuse acute adrenal ... syndrome of long-term adrenal ... contrast, an acute adrenal ... be a cause of adrenal
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Primary Adrenal ... Damage of the adrenal ... aldosterone Causes of Adrenal ... Tuberculosis: can cause adrenal ... melanoma Bilateral Adrenal
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Renal Failure ... Hypovolemic - GI losses, renal ... Hypothyroidism, adrenal
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Diarrhea • RENAL ... gas transport, renal ... tubulo-glomerular feedback