11 results
Causes of Back Pain #Diagnosis #EM #PrimaryCare #Differential #Back #Pain #BackPain #Spinal #Referred #Algorithm #Ddxof
Causes of Back Pain ... #Diagnosis #EM ... #Pain #BackPain ... #Spinal #Referred ... #Algorithm #Ddxof
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
• Severe low back ... - Emergency Causes ... Differential Diagnosis ... Palpation - lower back ... #causes #neurology
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
Conditions: • Cauda Equina ... Syndrome - Low back ... pain, sciatica, ... Commonly caused ... such as fibular fracture
Causes of Back Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Always assess for red flags. If no red flags,
Causes of Back Pain ... Algorithm Always ... of neoplasm • Fracture ... Symptoms • Cauda Equina ... #Algorithm #Causes
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
roots -> Cauda equina ... compression by fractured ... Cord Causes: 1 ... Symptoms: • Back ... #algorithm
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
and Diagnosis Algorithm ... unilateral flank pain ... if cause not identified ... by UW IM Residency ... #Algorithm #Workup
Causes of Hemiplegia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cerebral Hemisphere (Contralateral motor cortex)
 • Aphasia
 • Apraxia
 •
Causes of Hemiplegia ... contralateral extremity ... findings Unilateral Spinal ... sensory loss to pain ... #Algorithm #Causes
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
paralysis of all extremity ... Hands or feet • Pain ... Back or extremities ... of intrathecal spinal ... roots and cauda equina
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
Causes of spinal ... Vertebral burst fracture ... involvement Cauda Equina ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: 1
Incidence: 1 to 2 cases ... • The cardinal features ... paralysis of all extremity ... roots and cauda equina ... Baltimore IM Residency