14 results
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis
Renal:
 - Glomerular - IgA Nephropathy, Thin basement membrane, Alport syndrome,
Causes of Hematuria ... Bacterial/ViraI/FungaI ... #Hematuria #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #urology
Causes of Encephalopathy - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hyperacute:
 - Primary Neurologic: Vascular (IS, ICH), Seizure, Migraine, Trauma
Causes of Encephalopathy ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Neoplasm-related (brain ... (fungal, TB, parasitic ... #Causes
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... : • Vascular: Stroke ... injury • Infectious ... Encephalitis, Brain ... #Causes #neurology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
deposits - Post-infectious ... • Stone • Stricture ... Bladder Causes ... • Infection (Viral ... #urology #nephrology
Causes of Facial Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Forehead Sparing = Central cause
  - Most commonly
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Most commonly stroke ... Palsy (70-75%), Infection ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #neurology
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... of Macroscopic Hematuria ... suggests calculi/infection ... RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... Diagnosis #EM #IM #Urology
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
(Many causes!) ... ) • Infection ( ... encephalitis) • Brain ... lesions (e.g. stroke ... Syndrome #diagnosis #neurology
Causes of Urinary Tract Obstruction - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Upper Tract - Bladder NOT distended on ultrasound,
Causes of Urinary ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... on ultrasound, Hematuria ... Thrombus (frank hematuria ... #Causes #Urology
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
fastidious bacteria or fungi ... but important causes ... Tropheryma whipplei, Fungi ... factors: - Serology ... bacteria) and 18S ( fungi
Major Brain Complications of Endocarditis
Abscess:
 • May be macro or micro and occur at site of
Major Brain Complications ... reaction to blood & infectious ... aureus Ischemic stroke ... caused by septic ... #neurological #neurology