21 results
Clinical manifestations of acute liver failure 

Brain: 
Hepatic encephalopathy,  
Cerebral edema,  
Intracranial hypertension,
liver failure ... Seizures Kidney ... Coagulopathy, Lactic acidosis ... lung injury, ... Signs #Symptoms #Diagnosis
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal

PRE-RENAL 
Impaired perfusion: 
•
Kidney Injury ( ... /phimosis #Diagnosis ... #Acute #Kidney ... #Differential # ... Nephrology **
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Hyperuricemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Drug-induced • High ... • Diabetic acidosis ... Chronic renal failure
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
High Anion Gap Metabolic ... Acidosis (HAGMA ... ) - Differential ... underexcretion of acids ... #mnemonic #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
oxoproline) • Renal failure ... (acute and chronic ... Chronic progressive kidney ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
poisoning Normal acid-base ... and potassium acid ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential # ... diagnosis
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Acute or chronic ... Compensation, Acute ... Diagnosis: Causes ... ABG #bloodgas #Acid
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Kidney Injury AKI ... - Differential ... Diagnosis HEMODYNAMIC ... • Cardiac failure ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... Diagnosis Baseline ... electrolytes, urea, uric acid ... #Kidney #Injury ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Diagnosis Increased ... K+: • Tissue injury ... • Metabolic acidosis ... glycosides • High ... acute iatrogenic