9 results
Stages in the development of HF and recommended therapy by stage. ACEI indicates angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor;
ejection fraction; GDMT ... heart failure; HFpEF ... ejection fraction; HFrEF ... #CHF #Congestive ... Staging #Stages #ACCAHA
Acute and Chronic Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis
Pulmonary/Chest Wall:
 • Acute: Trauma, COPD exacerbation, Asthma
Acute and Chronic Causes ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Pulmonary/Chest ... Pericarditis, CAD, HFrEF ... /HFpEF, Intracardiac
Checklist for the Echocardiographic Evaluation of Pulmonary Hypertension
 • Record estimated PASP
 • Evaluate RV size
Evaluation of Pulmonary ... Hypertension ... • Evaluate for causes ... Sanjiv Shah @HFpEF ... Echocardiography #diagnosis
Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Management Principles

General Therapeutic Principles:
Reduce the congestive state 
 - Caution
Ejection Fraction: Management ... Principles: Reduce the congestive ... , pulmonary hypertension ... ineffective) #Management ... #Cardiology #HFpEF
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
→ Inflammation causes ... release Diagnosis ... endpoint of all-cause ... deficiency #CHF #HFrEF ... #management #cardiology
Severe Heart Failure & Cardiogenic Shock - Management Checklist 
Evaluation 
 - EKG & echocardiography
hypertension Rx ... another option in HFrEF ... congestion (no ... milrinone) for HFrEF ... With chronic AF, HFrEF
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... irrigation • Management ... Torsemide) • Acute pulmonary ... Metolazone) • Hypertension ... Kidney stones caused
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy - Summary
1. Definition
 • Towards the end of pregnancy to 5 months postpartum
exclude other causes ... heart disease • Hypertensive ... cardiomyopathy • Pulmonary ... pre-eclampsia, hypertension ... pregnancy, teratogenic GDMT
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy (PPCM)

What is PPCM?
• A form of acute systolic heart failure that develops late in
Risk Factors: • Hypertensive ... dysfunction • Pulmonary ... Rule out other causes ... venous congestion ... recognition and management