29 results
Giant Cell (Temporal) Arteritis: Pathogenesis and investigations
Risk Factors:
 - Unclear environmental triggers (may be viral, not
Giant Cell (Temporal ... mutation) that alter ... yrs old; F>M Signs ... Pathophysiology #Diagnosis ... #Signs #Symptoms
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
onto lateral hip Signs ... /Symptoms/Complications ... FemoralHead #Fractures #msk ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Sarcoidosis 
Non-caseating granulomas (Composed of T-helper & inflammatory cells) 
Clinical:
 • Disease fatal in 10% of
(Composed of T-helper ... & inflammatory cells ... • Neurologic: Bell's ... #Sarcoidosis #Diagnosis ... #Symptoms #Signs
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... papilledema • Horner ... • Meningeal signs ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... and signs (e.g.
Shoulder Impingement Syndrome (SIS): Signs and Symptoms

Repetitive Overhead Activity, Scapular Dyskinesis -> Scapulohumeral mechanics become altered
Syndrome (SIS): Signs ... abduction + Neer's sign ... Syndrome #SIS #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #pathophysiology
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) - Recognition of giant cell arteritis (GCA)

1) Is visual loss caused
vision in patients older ... ESR and/or CRP Temporal ... Doppler US : halo sign ... GiantCellArteritis #GCA #Rheumatology ... Ophthalmology #Diagnosis
Autoimmune Myositis
Necrotizing myopathy is associated with higher CK levels, greater level of muscle weakness, less systemic
less systemic symptoms ... heliotrope rash, Shaw sign ... , holster sign, ... /full triad at diagnosis ... #rheumatology
Meralgia paresthetica: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Compression/injury of Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve (LFCN) -> Meralgia paresthetica
 •
injury of Lateral Femoral ... sensory • Before diagnosis ... MeralgiaParesthetica #MSK ... #differential #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Esp. humeral and femoral ... Erythematosus #SLE #MSK ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
vasculitis in older ... systemic sx + signs ... them, but urgent rheumatology ... absence of visual symptoms ... #Signs #Symptoms