10 results
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia ... tubal acidosis ... Hypovolemia, UNa ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... plasma insulin (treatment ... or induced) #Hypokalemia ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
failure (acute ... Renal acidosis ... Hypokalemia ... #differential # ... #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
osmolarity If cause ... remains unclear AND hypovolaemia ... investigations depending on clinical ... #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
CHF, cirrhosis, hypovolemia ... only if no clear cause ... - IVF (hypovolemia ... needed to avoid hypovolemia ... #potassium #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Kidney stones caused ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... Renal #Excretion ... #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Pharmacology #
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential ... , including a diuretic ... disorders including hypokalemia ... 109 mm Hg) with clinical ... #causes #Differential
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... Dermatomyositis Clinical ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... Loop diuretics for ... #treatment #nephrology
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
- Differential ... from the blood by excretion ... - Shock - Hypovolemia ... - Compartment syndrome ... peritonitis - Acute
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
patient causing hypovolemia ... coronary syndrome ... the determined cause ... #foamed #heartfailure ... #pharmacology