14 results
Prader-Willi Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Maternal uniparental disomy: inheriting 2 copies of maternal chromosome
Prader-Willi Syndrome ... =>Prader-Willi Syndrome ... delayed puberty -> Infertility ... Obesity -> Type 2 diabetes ... #genetics #pathophysiology
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential ... Hypoparathyroidism: Autoimmune, Genetic ... , Infiltrative disorders ... deficiency • Drugs: Calcium ... metastases, Hungry bone syndrome
Amenorrhea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated FSH
 • Premature Ovarian Failure
 • Menopa use
 • Spontaneous
Bleed With
Amenorrhea - Differential ... Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ... Hyperthyroidism • Diabetes ... Weight Loss, Eating Disorders ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology
Causes of Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis
 • Drugs & Toxins (Statins, alcohol, cocaine)
 • Direct Muscle
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... malignant neuroleptic syndrome ... • Metabolic Disorders ... (Diabetic ketoacidosis ... hypothyroidism) • Genetic
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
hyperparathyroidism Genetic ... disorders (e.g. ... Other humoral syndromes ... Hypercalcemia #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Causes of Growth Discrepancy: Large for Gestational Age - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Maternal Factors:
 • Multiparity
 •
Gestational Age - Differential ... co-morbidities (e.g. diabetes ... >41 weeks) • Genetic ... disorder (e.g. ... Complications #Pregnancy #Differential
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Lithium use • Calcium-sensing ... Vitamin D metabolic disorders ... • Milk-alkali syndrome ... Hypercalcemia #Causes #endocrinology ... #diagnosis #differential
Ketosis Disorders
Ketone bodies are a normal metabolic energy source. Excessive unregulated production of ketones, often accompanied
Ketosis Disorders ... of re-feeding syndrome ... • Diabetic ketoacidosis ... #ketones #differential ... diagnosis #management #endocrinology
Acquired Disorders of Reduced Bone Strength: Pathogenesis
 • Hyperparathyroidism
 • Vitamin D deficiency
 • Malabsorption syndromes
Acquired Disorders ... Malabsorption syndromes ... • Smoking • Diabetes ... #BoneStrength #pathophysiology ... #differential #
Causes of Hypocalcemia by Clinical Cause

Acute illness: pancreatitis, tumor lysis, severe illness - Secondary hyperparathyroidism from
low circulating calcium ... hypocalcemia - Genetic ... Malabsorption syndrome ... Hypocalcemia #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Endocrinology