25 results
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Hypercalcemia ... histoplasmosis) • Milk (calcium ... )-alkali syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #calcium ... #high #endocrinology
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Effect in Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium - Net Effect Hypercalcemia:
   ↑ intestinal
PTH) Effect in Calcium ... and Phosphorus Calcium ... - Net Effect Hypercalcemia ... #Phosphorus #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... hyperparathyroidism Genetic ... Other humoral syndromes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Chvostek's Sign - Physical Exam - Hypocalcemia

Chvostek's sign is described as the twitching of facial muscles
Physical Exam - Hypocalcemia ... persons with normal calcium ... Chvosteks #Signs #PhysicalExam ... #Hypocalcemia # ... Video #Clinical #endocrinology
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
Hypocalcemia Workup ... Hypoparathyroidism: Autoimmune, Genetic ... deficiency • Drugs: Calcium ... metastases, Hungry bone syndrome ... @aishaikh #Hypocalcemia
Chvostek sign in Hypocalcemia
The Chvostek sign is a contraction of ipsilateral facial muscles subsequent to percussion
Chvostek sign in Hypocalcemia ... with normal serum calcium ... Chvostek #sign #Hypocalcemia ... clinical #video #endocrinology ... #physicalexam
Prader-Willi Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Maternal uniparental disomy: inheriting 2 copies of maternal chromosome
Prader-Willi Syndrome ... =>Prader-Willi Syndrome ... delayed puberty -> Infertility ... #PraderWilli #Syndrome ... #genetics #pathophysiology
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis and Management
PTH Independent (↑ PTH)
 • LOW VIT D
    -
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis ... Formation: Hungy Bone Syndrome ... - Calcium Sequestration ... - DiGeorge Syndrome ... Diagnosis #Management #endocrinology
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
wasting crisis & hyperkalemia ... Complications: • Hyperkalemia ... Hirsutism & acne • Infertility ... #21HydroxylaseDeficiency #21OHD #pathophysiology ... #genetics #endocrinology
Chvostek Sign on Physical Exam

Young man presented with history of fatigue, muscle cramps and features suggestive
total and ionized calcium ... Chvostek #Sign #PhysicalExam ... Clinical #Video #Hypocalcemia ... #endocrinology