33 results
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus ... Hypernatremia #Management ... #Algorithm #Sodium ... #nephrology #insipidus
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Central diabetes insipidus ... Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology ... #sodium #high
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
water loss, Serum Sodium ... kg • Diabetes Insipidus ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
cell epithelial sodium ... of epithelial sodium ... Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Euvolemic: Diabetes insipidus ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
GHOST CAP - Neuro ICU Checklist Mnemonic
G - Glycemia
H - Hemoglobin
O - Oxygen
S - Sodium
T -
- Oxygen S - Sodium ... GHOSTCAP #NeuroICU #neurology ... Checklist #Mnemonic #management
Status Epilepticus Pharmacotherapy Guide

 • Phenytoin and Fosphenytoin
 • Valproate Sodium
 • Levetiracetam
 • Lacosamide
 •
• Valproate Sodium ... #Pharmacology #neurology ... #management #epilepsy
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options
Stabilize cardiac membrane:
 • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes)
Decrease potassium concentration:
 • IV Fluids
Shift
90 minutes) • Sodium ... #Hyperkalemia #management ... #potassium #nephrology
Diabetes Insipidus - Diagnosis Algorithm
Tests:
 • Osmolality, Urine AND/OR
 • Osmolality, Serum or Plasma AND
 •
Diabetes Insipidus ... Plasma AND • Sodium ... ARUPLabs #Diabetes #Insipidus ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
irrigation • Management ... Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus ... nephrogenic diabetes insipidus ... Central diabetes insipidus ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology