266 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Central diabetes insipidus ... Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Diabetes Insipidus vs Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH (SIADH) - Comparison Table

Diabetes Insipidus - Inadequate ADH
SIADH -
Diabetes Insipidus ... Table Diabetes Insipidus ... #Diabetes #Insipidus ... Comparison #Table #Pathophysiology
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus ... Management #Algorithm #Sodium ... #nephrology #insipidus
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Insensible losses Sodium ... Central Diabetes Insipidus ... Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... kg • Diabetes Insipidus ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Cyanide Toxicity 
Treatment:
1) Hydroxocobalamin + Cyanide = Cyanocobalamin (nontoxic) 
   or 
2) Amyl nitrite
Amyl nitrite - causes ... binds cyanide - Sodium ... Toxicity #Toxicology #Pathophysiology
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
Central Diabetes Insipidus ... Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Pathophysiology of The Nephron - Electrolyte and Water Exchange

The nephron — electrolyte and water exchange. 
180
Pathophysiology ... 26000 mmol of sodium ... 60—180 mmol of sodium ... #Pathophysiology
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus ... neurogenic diabetes insipidus ... Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... #Diabetes #Insipidus
Drugs that Cause Fever
Most commonly:
Amphotericin B, Antihistamines, Asparaginase, Barbiturates, Bleomycin sulfate, Methyldopa, Penicillins, Phenytoin sodium, Procainamide,
Drugs that Cause ... Penicillins, Phenytoin sodium ... Nitrofurantoin sodium ... #Drug #Fever #causes