99 results
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Increased Intake
 • Reduced Excretion (IV potassium with
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Excretion (IV potassium ... #Hyperkalemia #Nephrology ... #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... hypokalemia • Renal tubular ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm ... #causes #nephrology ... #potassium
Mechanisms of nephron damage in cardiorenal syndrome
 • Increased renal interstitial pressure
 • Hypoperfusion
 • Reduced
nephron damage in ... damage • Tubular ... • Increased AVP ... • Increased CVP ... pathophysiology #nephrology
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Algorithmic Approach ... When to suspect AIN ... hematuria, mild tubular ... associated with AIN ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Kussmaul's sign in Constrictive Pericarditis 

A 50-year-old woman with a remote history of mediastinal lymphoma (age
you evaluate her JVP ... JVP with inspiration ... Causes = RV failure ... Clinical #Neck #JVP ... #Jugular #Constrictive
Jugular Waveform Components 
 • a wave - due to atrial contraction: It occurs just before
Jugular Waveform ... • c wave - caused ... when the filling in ... #Waves #Jugular ... #Waveforms #JVP
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
excess - Renal tubular ... Diagnosis #Low #Potassium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes
Lancisi's sign in Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation - Physical Exam
Note the large systolic jugular venous wave caused
Lancisi's sign in ... large systolic jugular ... venous wave caused ... Cardiology #Neck #Jugular ... #JVP
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm ... Decreased renal potassium ... hypoaldosteronism in ... Hyperkalemia #Diagnosis #algorithm ... #nephrology #potassium
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Kidney Injury - Classification ... disease - Acute tubular ... necrosis (causes ... interstitial nephritis (AIN ... #diagnosis #nephrology