9 results
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Pericardial • Effusion ... Kyphoscoliosis • Abdominal ... Alveoli • Pneumonia ... Interstitium • ILD • CHF ... Chronic #Dyspnea #SOB
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Fraction (HFrEF) Clinical ... Chest x-ray: signs ... Kerley B lines, alveolar ... bilateral pleural effusions ... → no signs of CXR
Pleural effusion is not always visible as a meniscus in the costophrenic angle. 
A subpulmonic effusion
the diaphragm, so ... a patient with signs ... of CHF. ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Pleural
Stage III - Alveolar edema
This stage is characterized by continued fluid leakage into the interstitium, which
space (pleural effusion ... The following signs ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Alveolar ... #Pulmonary #Edema
Based on the images alone, it is usually not possible to determine the cause of the
chronic illness, clinical ... between these chest ... filling of the alveoli ... disease, that is so ... #Radiology #CXR
Congestive heart failure (CHF) is the result of insufficient output because of cardiac failure, high resistance
finally into the alveoli ... dependent tissues and abdominal ... can be seen on a chest-film ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #CHF #CXR #Features
Increased pulmonary venous pressure is related to the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) and can be
Increased pulmonary ... features on the chest ... In daily clinical ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #CHF #CXR #Stages
Summary of Oncologic Emergencies

Neutropenic fever:
- Fever + ANC < 500 → start cefepime ± vancomycin (if
suspected) - CT chest ... CT abdomen if abdominal ... interventional radiology ... renal failure, pulmonary ... pleural effusions
Authors: Mark M. Ramzy, DO, EMT-P (@MarkRamzyDO, EM Resident Physician, Drexel University, Department of Emergency Medicine)
Vital signs: BP ... x-ray (CXR), try ... not seen on a CXR ... consider intra-abdominal ... #Radiology #CTChest