15 results
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
personality change, seizures ... status, and focal neurologic ... complaints or seizures ... aphasia, and/or seizures ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
CNS Manifestations ... Movement disorders, Seizure ... Disease, PRES Pathophysiology ... Erythematosus #SLE #CNS ... #neurology #rheumatology
Differential Considerations for a Seizure or Seizure-like Event
The following diagnoses may have presentations that can be
or Seizure-like ... Cardiogenic syncope NEUROLOGIC ... Extrapyramidal symptoms ... INFECTIOUS - CNS ... Differential #diagnosis #neurology
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
) • Systemic symptoms ... fever, myalgia), seizures ... brain lesion • CNS ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #neurology
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
Encephalopathy with seizures ... pain • Extra-CNS ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology ... #symptoms #signs
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
Worsening of previous neurologic ... the tuberculoma (later ... Papilledema, headache, seizures ... or abruptly • CN ... differential #TB #neurology
Management Algorithm for Status Epilepticus

• Assess airway, breathing, and circulation
• Pulse oximetry
• Electrocardiogram
• Finger stick (give
IV at a maximum rate ... Fosphenytoin 20 PE/kg IM ... Management #Algorithm #Neurology ... #pharmacology # ... dosing #seizure
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
• Headache • Seizures ... may precede the neurologic ... Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... Neurological symptoms ... diagnosis #management #neurology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
HIV dementia Pathophysiology ... and infects the CNS ... mononuclear cells in the CNS ... • Depressive symptoms ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: 1
than one after symptom ... the underlying pathophysiology ... Hospital of Baltimore IM ... diagnosis #management #neurology