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nephrology differential causes potassium metabolic low hyponatremia management pathophysiology syndrome urine calcium chloride epilepticus hyperkalemia hypocalcemia hypomagnesemia hypomg hypotonic medications
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride ... H+ secretion → Hypokalemia ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Pathophysiology #nephrology ... #diagnosis
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Volume ... Bartter Syndrome, Gitelman ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... Hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis ... #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Volume ... Bartter Syndrome, Gitelman ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... potassium #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... urinary losses: • High ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... #diagnosis #Algorithm
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... settings, the urine sodium ... the excretion of sodium ... #diagnosis
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm Decreased renal potassium excretion • Acute renal failure • Chronic renal failure • Drugs Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... algorithm Decreased ... Normal, Renin High ... #Diagnosis #algorithm ... #nephrology #potassium
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia Hypokalemia - Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment -
Drugs associated ... - Insulin (high ... overdose) - Sodium ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology #Causes
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertensive: • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Bartter's syndrome, Gitelman's ... syndrome #Hypokalemia ... #Algorithm #nephrology
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