312 results
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
Abnormal blood flow ... narrowing • Slow ... blood flow allows ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion (CRAO)
Clinical:
 • Sudden, painless, complete loss of vision 
 • Pale retina
Central Retinal ... vision • Pale retina ... • Immediate ophthalmology ... Occlusion #CRAO #Diagnosis ... Clinical #Fundoscopy #Ophthalmology
Low Ankle Sprain: Pathomechanics and Clinical Findings

Grading Ligament Sprains
l: Minimal ligament disruption, mild swelling & tenderness,
Low Ankle Sprain ... Findings Grading Ligament ... Sprains l: Minimal ligament ... commonly injured ligament ... Grading #Grades #Diagnosis
Hypophosphatemia Diagnostic Algorithm
- GI Losses
- Redistribution
- 1° HPT
- 1° Renal PO4 wasting: Hereditary, TIO, Fanconi Syndrome,
Hypophosphatemia Diagnostic ... - 1° HPT - 1° Renal ... Hypophosphatemia #phosphorus #low ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... #differential #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... Normal Acid-Base: Low ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
- Differential Diagnosis ... vomiting) • Low ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #low #potassium
Vision Loss - Differential Diagnosis
Chronic: 
  - Cornea: Scarring, Edema
  - Lens: Cataracts
- Differential Diagnosis ... degeneration - Retina ... Lens Dislocation, Retinal ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #causes #ophthalmology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
- Differential Diagnosis ... Framework Pre-Renal ... Med, Contrast, Pigment ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #nephrology #causes
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis ... Uric Acid - Low ... High Uric Acid → renal ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium #low #uricacid
Retinal Detachment

Floaters - Cobweb appearance 
Photopsia - Flash of light 
Visual field defect - Flash of
Retinal Detachment ... of light #Retinal ... #Detachment #Diagnosis ... #Ophthalmology