21 results
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
• Milk-alkali syndrome ... Immobilization • Granulomatous ... disease • Thiazide ... Differential #Causes #Diagnosis ... #Cardiology
Autoantibodies and their Disease Associations
ANA - Non-specific; common in SLE, autoimmune hepatitis
Anti-CCP, Rheumatoid factor - RA
Anti-dsDNA
La) - Sjogren's syndrome ... - Vasculitis, e.g ... Wegener's granulomatosis ... - Vasculitis, e.g ... #diagnosis #table
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... - Compatible syndrome ... Lymphomatoid granulomatosis ... #causes #radiology ... #neurology
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Fanconi's syndrome ... antibodies • Granulomatosis ... Minimal change disease ... Protein deposition (eg
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
Optica (NMO) - Clinical ... (e.g. oculomotor ... (AQP4-lgG disease ... Manifestations #diagnosis ... #neurology #symptoms
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
and less common diseases ... important, as early diagnosis ... skull neoplasms (e.g ... MRI lesions and clinical ... #neurology #noninflammatory
Summary of characteristic abnormalities of selected glomerular diseases
Light Microscopy (LM) - Immunofluorescence Microscopy (IM) - Electron
Nephrotic syndrome ... • Granulomatosis ... #nephrology #pathology ... #comparison #table ... #diagnosis #microscopy
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential Diagnosis ... with previously stable ... 109 mm Hg) with clinical ... Renal parenchymal disease ... Neurologic disorders
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
(SPS) - Diagnosis ... Clinical Manifestations ... poisoning, Parkinson's disease ... Baclofen • Severe Disease ... Management #treatment #neurology
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
Lung Abscess - Clinical ... antibiotics once stable ... shows a small, stable ... • Vasculitis (e.g ... ., Granulomatosis