46 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Metabolic acidosis ... SAME, Cushing Syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrom ... #low #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Cerebral salt wasting syndrome ... Stress, Drugs, Syndrome ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... #Causes #nephrology
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
Acidosis (HAGMA ... ) - Differential ... with short bowel syndrome ... salicylate toxicity causes ... underexcretion of acids
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... , Liddle's syndrome ... • Cushing's syndrome ... #causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
↓ Aldosterone: Syndrome ... excess, Liddle's syndrome ... Diuretics, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #differential #
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Acidosis Causes ... Renal acidosis ... #Acidosis #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
- Normal/low ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... poisoning • Normal acid-base ... #causes #urinary
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... , Liddle's Syndrome ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis ... #causes #low #potassium
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Hypokalemia Differential ... Low intake ... tubular acidosis ... • Gitelman's syndrome ... • Bartter's syndrome
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... - Differential ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... • Metabolic acidosis ... Diagnosis #Causes