60 results
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Algorithmic Approach ... sterile pyuria, WBC casts ... eosinophiluria, microscopic ... proteinuria, granular casts ... Nephritis #AIN #Algorithm
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
of Hematuria - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... cells on urine microscopy ... RBCs and/or RBC casts ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Injury (AKI) - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Epithelial cell casts ... Obstruction • Cast ... polyangiitis /microscopic
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... #Differential # ... Microscopy #Diagnosis
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Proteinuria - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... sediment - WBC/RBC casts ... polyangiitis (GPA) / microscopic ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... urine sediment Microscopic ... urine sediment by microscopy ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... #Hematuria #Differential
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... #Macroscopic #Differential ... #Algorithm #Ddxof
Plasmodium - Identification Algorithm
 • P. falciparum: RINGS AND GAMETOCYTES PREDOMINATE, Small delicate rings, <1/3 size
Identification Algorithm ... Identification #Algorithm ... #pathology #smear ... #microscopy #malaria
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Pulmonary pathology ... Hyponatremia #Nephrology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Dysuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pyuria - Leukocytes on Dipstick/Microscopy
 - Bacteriuria & Hematuria -
Causes of Dysuria - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Leukocytes on Dipstick/Microscopy ... Pyelonephritis - WBC Casts ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm