12 results
diagnosis differential hyponatremia causes workup hypokalemia alkalosis calcium chloride epilepticus hypercalcemia hypernatremia hypocalcemia hypomagnesemia hypomg hypotonic management medications metabolic parathyroid
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... > 30): SIADH, Medications ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #nephrology
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm High or Normal PTH: • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypercalcemia Low ... PTHrP: - Low ... Immobilization, Drugs ... #Workup #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Refeeding syndrome ... Thyrotoxicosis Medications ... vomiting) • Low ... #nephrology #low
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia Hypokalemia - Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment -
Drugs associated ... overdose) - Sodium ... renal Fanconi syndrome ... hypomagnesemia #Medications ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism • High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... deficiency • Drugs ... metastases, Hungry bone syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #calcium
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses •
Hypothyroidism, Low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Unprovoked - Epilepsy: • Focal: Simple, Complex • Generalized: Absence,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... Toxic: Alcohol, Medication ... , Recreational drugs ... #Causes #neurology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... • Euvolemic (Low ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... #nephrology #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... can be high or low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the excretion of sodium ... #nephrology #differential
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