17 results
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Workup of Hypercalcemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Immobilization, Drugs ... disease, Viral Syndromes ... #Workup #nephrology
Summary of Diuretic Agents 
Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
Agents Subclass, Drug ... Chlorthalidone POTASSIUM-SPARING ... #Diuretics #Medications ... Pharmacology #summary #table ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Refeeding syndrome ... Thyrotoxicosis Medications ... #nephrology #low ... #potassium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... Algorithm 1) ... , Cushing syndrome ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia

Hypokalemia
- Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment
  -
Drugs associated ... overdose) - Sodium ... renal Fanconi syndrome ... hypomagnesemia #Medications ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Diagnosis and Workup ... Repeat the sodium ... • nephrotic syndrome ... Hypernatremia #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
Hypocalcemia Workup ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... deficiency • Drugs ... metastases, Hungry bone syndrome ... #nephrology #calcium
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... > 30): SIADH, Medications ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #nephrology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... Toxic: Alcohol, Medication ... , Recreational drugs ... #Causes #neurology
Causes of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Insufficient Sleep
 • Poor Sleep Hygiene
 • Insomnia
Shift Work) Sleep ... Restless Legs Syndrome ... Disorders • Neurologic ... Anxiety Other • Medications ... Antipsychotics) • Drug