24 results
Hyperkalemia shortens repolarization; changes in the T wave provide the earliest clues to hyperpotassemia.
 - At
Hyperkalemia shortens ... repolarization; changes ... #Diagnosis #Hyperkalemia ... #EKG #ECG #Changes ... #Progression #Table
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Gitelman's syndrome #Hypokalemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
• Mechanism: Exchanges ... constipation, diarrhea, nausea ... ); nausea, vomiting ... patients sensitive to high ... #pharmacology #table
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm
 • IV calcium
 • IV insulin and glucose and/or salbutamolt
 • Consider
Hyperkalemia - Management ... Algorithm • IV ... potassium and ECG ... changes • 5.5 ... #potassium #high
The crusade against “Ab”Normal Saline continues.  This is a non-physiologic fluid that can harm our
whose positive charges ... whose positive charges ... we introduce a high ... causes Hyperkalemia ... The high CL- content
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... kiwis, mangoes, oranges ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... wasting from other causes ... urinary losses: • High ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap ... High FE-HCO3 ... Cell Problem - High ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap #Nephrology ... #Causes
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia

Hypokalemia
- Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment
  -
associated with hypokalemia ... - Insulin (high ... Mycophenolate - Anti-EGF ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology ... #Causes #hypomg