21 results
Causes of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism 
 • Possible Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Granulomatous Disorders (eg ... #Algorithm #Causes ... #endocrinology
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... Hyporeflexia: • Hypercalcemia ... polyneuropathy (e.g ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #neurology
Hyperkalemia shortens repolarization; changes in the T wave provide the earliest clues to hyperpotassemia.
 - At
Hyperkalemia shortens ... repolarization causes ... #Diagnosis #Hyperkalemia ... #EKG #ECG #Changes ... #Progression #Table
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
- Differential Diagnosis ... cisplatin) - Chronic hypercalcemia ... - Chronic hypokalemia ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Table #Causes
Causes of Hypercalcemia due to increased Vitamin D levels
 • The BIG 3:
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... jamiekwillows #Hypercalcemia ... #VitaminD #causes ... #differential #diagnosis ... #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... Genetic disorders (e.g ... #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
uropathy, Metabolic causes ... (e.g., hypokalemia ... , hypercalcemia) ... Classification #Types #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential Diagnosis ... with previously stable ... disorders including hypokalemia ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Cardiac Stress Testing
Exercise:
 • Everyone who can exercise should!
 • They must be able to raise
• They must be able ... production to cause ... heartblock w/o pacemaker ... ventricular arrythmias Diagnostics ... : EKG ($), ECHO
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
Causes of Polyuria ... - Differential Diagnosis ... SGLT2 inhibitors (e.g ... Hereditary, Lithium, Hypercalcemia ... #Causes #nephrology