16 results
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
- Chronic hypokalemia ... - Various renal ... renal amyloidosis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... only if no clear cause ... emcrit.org/ibcc/hyperkalemia ... of hyperkalemia ... #Hyperkalemia
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Hyporeflexia: • Hypercalcemia ... polyneuropathy (e.g ... Hyperreflexia: • Hypocalcemia ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #neurology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Framework and Management ... Summary Causes ... • LDH ↑ • Hyperkalemia ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia ... #nephrology
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Acquired - Primary renal ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... (e.g., hypokalemia ... , hypercalcemia) ... Classification #Types #Nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
with previously stable ... disorders including hypokalemia ... hormonal excess or hypokalaemia ... Hyperthyroidism, Hypercalcemia ... Renal parenchymal
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Diagnosis and Management ... per day until stable ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Management ... #Summary #causes
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Intercellular Shift - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift - Appropriate renal excretion (GFR,
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... - Appropriate renal ... • Cell Lysis (e.g ... • Digoxin #Hyperkalemia ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... • Low EABV (e.g ... Creatinine • Chronic renal ... • NSAlDs #Hyperkalemia ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... , Hypervolemia with ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology