15 results
Nephron Pathophysiology - Diuretic Sites of Action
Diuretics
1) Acetazolamide/canagliflozin
2) Osmotic agents (mannitol, urearetics)
3) Loop agents (eg, furosemide)
4)
Nephron Pathophysiology ... - Diuretic Sites ... ) Loop agents (eg ... #Diuretics #Sites ... #Action #nephrology
Hormones Acting on the Nephron - Diuretics and Their Site of Action
 1) Acetazolamide
 2) Osmotic
the Nephron - Diuretics ... and Their Site ... 3) Loop Diuretics ... spironolactone) #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Nephron
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Defining the cause ... Clinicians should also ... Post-hypercapnia • Diuretics ... #nephrology #potassium
Diuretics - Pharmacology

Thiazides diuretics:
 • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule
 • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
• Inhibit Na+K+ ... receptor antagonists (also ... as no effect on ... #Pharmacology #nephrology ... loop #thiazide #classes
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Inhibitors of Na+K+ ... Kidney stones caused ... Epithelial Channels (K+ ... Postoperative abdominal distention ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Weakness, cramping, nausea ... , K-sparing diuretics ... heparinized tube) • ECG ... only if no clear cause ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
complications such as ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... Alkalosis: Emesis, Diuretics ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... Thiazide or loop diuretics ... thiazide-sensitive site ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... high WBC count cause ... syndrome • Triggers: Diuretics ... values: Elevated K, ... unless worrisome EKG
Intracranial Hemorrhage (ICH) and Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) - Pathophysiology
ICH Management:
1. Manage Blood Pressure
  •
Pressure (ICP) - Pathophysiology ... Octaplex + Vitamin K ... reduces ICP (but also ... = dilated BV = raises ... #neurology #neurosurgery