663 results
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Parathyroid hormone–dependent ... Neoplasms - Parathyroid ... Other humoral syndromes ... Hypercalcemia #Causes
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Parathyroid gland ... adenoma • Parathyroid ... • Milk-alkali syndrome ... Hypercalcemia #Causes
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid ... adenoma, Parathyroid ... hyperplasia, Parathyroid ... disease, Milk Alkali Syndrome ... disease, Viral Syndromes
Mechanism of malignancy-associated hypercalcemia. Abbreviations: 1,25(OH)2D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D; NHL, non-Hodgkin lymphoma; PTH, parathyroid hormone; PTHrP, PTH-related
lymphoma; PTH, parathyroid ... Malignancy #Mechanism #Frequency
Causes of Frequency, Nocturia, Polyuria

#Frequency #Nocturia #Polyuria #Causes #Differential #Urology #Table
Causes of Frequency ... Nocturia, Polyuria #Frequency ... Nocturia #Polyuria #Causes
Traditionally, congestive heart failure has been classified according to severity of symptoms, first formulated by the
Association, which is classes ... Stage D CHF is frequently ... life and decrease frequency ... flare ups that cause ... Classification #Stages #Classes
Causes of Erythema Nodosum - Mnemonic

NO cause found in 60% of cases
Drugs (antibiotics e.g., sulfonamides, amoxicillin)
Oral
Causes of Erythema ... Mnemonic NO cause ... found in 60% of cases ... Sarcoidosis or Lofgren's syndrome ... Nodosum #Mnemonic #Causes
Hyperthermic Syndromes - This table summarizes the similarities and differences between some toxicologic causes of hyperthermic
Hyperthermic Syndromes ... some toxicologic causes ... of hyperthermic syndromes ... • Serotonin syndrome ... #Hyperthermic #Syndromes
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis
Chloride depletion syndromes
 • Gastrointestinal losses
    -
Causes of Metabolic ... Chloride depletion syndromes ... • Liddle syndrome ... administration Other causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
and Nephrotic Syndromes ... Nephritic syndrome—due ... RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... Nephritic #Nephrotic #Syndromes