16 results
Etiologies of Hypoaldosteronism

Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Low Renin, Low Aldosterone)
 - Diabetic Nephropathy 
 - NSAIDs
Non-Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Normal
Aldosterone) - Diabetic ... Aldosterone #Comparison #Table ... #Causes
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Water Central Diabetes ... disorders Nephrogenic Diabetes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification
Reflex Syncope 
 - Vasovagal syncope
   • Prolonged standing
bradycardia • Sinus pauses ... disease • Diabetes ... Classification #Table ... #Causes
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Inpatient Medication Guide

Classes: Biguanide, Sulfonylurea, TZD, DPP-4 inhibitor, GLP-1 receptor agonist, SGLT2i,
Diabetes Mellitus ... Medication Guide Classes ... insulin in Type 1 Diabetes ... monitors in Type 1 Diabetes ... pharmacology #comparison #table
Diabetes Morning Hyperglycemia - Dawn Phenomenon vs Somogyi Effect 

When patients FBG's are elevated each morning
Diabetes Morning ... therapy, it's a good idea ... those without diabetes ... insulin levels causes ... know about the idea
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
- Uncontrolled diabetes ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes
DPP-4 Inhibitors - Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action: Inhibits DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase 4), which normally inactivates GLP-1
Januvia) - Once/day tablet ... Onglyza) - Once/day tablet ... Tradjenta) - Once/day tablet ... not definitively cause ... #Summary #DM2 #diabetes
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Causes of Secondary ... , including a diuretic ... with previously stable ... Causes: • Vascular ... Hypertension #Workup #causes
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists - Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action: Stimulate glucose-dependent insulin release from the pancreas (GLP-1
Ozempic), or daily tablet ... e.g. diarrhea, nausea ... not definitively cause ... #Summary #DM2 #diabetes
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
• Nephrogenic diabetes ... Kidney stones caused ... Lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes ... DDAVP) • Central diabetes ... #Medications #Table