45 results
Metformin Associated Lactic Acidosis (MALA) 

Pathophysiology of MALA
 - Metformin interferes with the activity of the
Associated Lactic Acidosis ... (MALA) Pathophysiology ... use in cellular metabolism ... via anaerobic metabolism ... acidosis including
Initial treatment of renal bone disease and cinacalcet for secondary hyperparathyroidism
Phosphate binders reduce hyperphosphataemia and hyperparathyroidism.
Initial treatment ... the first-line treatments ... #Pharmacology #Pathophysiology
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Medications for High-Altitude Sickness 
Acetazolarnide 
 • Carbonic Anydrase Inhibitor Bicarb diuresis & metabolic Acidosis ->
Bicarb diuresis & metabolic ... Acidosis -> compensatory ... Medications #Management #Treatment
Considerations for Crystalloids - 0.9% NS vs LR vs Plasma-Lyte
 - Causes hyperkalemia?
 - Safe to
Causes lactic acidosis ... patients with a metabolic ... acidosis? ... #Crystalloids #pharmacology
Salicylate Toxicity - Diagnosis and Management

Consider if:
1) Patient is hot and altered
2) You see tachypnea with
show anion-gap metabolic ... acidosis 4) Presentation ... Labs: Anion-Gap Metabolic ... Acidosis, Respiratory ... diagnosis #management #Treatment
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
• Incr Glucose Metabolism ... Syndrome - Metabolic ... Acidosis • Shift ... Syndrome #diagnosis #pathophysiology
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
development of metabolic ... acidosis - Protective ... Hyperchloremia nonanion gap metabolic ... acidosis • Saline ... NS #comparison #pharmacology
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA:
1. Serum glucose >250 mg/dL
2. Arterial pH <7.3
3. Serum bicarbonate <18 mEq/L
4. At least
significant anion gap metabolic ... acidosis and ketonemia ... production, the rate of metabolism ... Treatment with IV ... gap closes and acidosis
Uric Acid Homeostasis
In the liver, purines are metabolized to uric acid. The last step in purine
step in purine metabolism ... Homeostasis #Gout #Pathophysiology ... #Pharmacology #
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Elevation, Lactic Acidosis ... impairment of cellular metabolism ... sweat) - its metabolism ... perfusion - shock->treatments ... before beginning treatment