37 results
Complications of CKD
 - Patients with stages 1-3 ([GFR] >30 mL/min) of CKD are generally asymptomatic;
Complications of CKD ... >30 mL/min) of CKD ... imbalances or endocrine/metabolic ... #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #CKD
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis and Management
PTH Independent (↑ PTH)
 • LOW VIT D
    -
Diagnosis and Management ... Kidney Disease (CKD ... ) - Metabolism ... - DiGeorge Syndrome ... #endocrinology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Low intake • Metabolic ... Renal Losses: • Metabolic ... , Gitelman syndrom ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... Pressure: - Metabolic ... Hippurate - Metabolic ... #differential #potassium ... #nephrology #low
Guidelines for the management of fractures in CKD

#fractures #management #ckd #nephrology #pth #endocrinology
Guidelines for the management ... of fractures in CKD ... #fractures #management ... #ckd #nephrology ... #pth #endocrinology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia: • CKD ... • Recent IV potassium ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... infusions) - Metabolic ... #high #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Pathophysiology ... → Hypokalemia Metabolic ... #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia: • CKD ... • Recent IV potassium ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... infusions) - Metabolic ... #high #nephrology
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
• Nephritic syndrome ... • AKI/CKD Mineralocorticoid ... Excess: • Conn's syndrome ... Unilateral RAS Metabolic ... HTN #Secondary #Nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Diagnosis and Management ... iniury, Compartment syndrome ... , Heat stroke, Metabolic ... Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... Monitor potassium