28 results
Biceps Reflex - Myoedema and Delayed Relaxation in Hypothyroidism - Physical Examination

Myotonia due to muscle edema,
Biceps Reflex - Myoedema ... Biceps #Reflex #Myoedema ... Hypothyroidism #PhysicalExam ... #endocrinology ... #neurology #myotonia
Localization of Renal Tubular Defects
Fanconi Syndrome: Proximal tubule
Bartter Syndrome: Thick ascending loop of Henle
Gitelman Syndrome: Distal
loop of Henle Gitelman ... Fanconi #Bartter #Gitelman ... Nephron #Defects #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Pathophysiology ... → Hypokalemia Metabolic ... #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Myoedema in Hypothyroidism on Physical Exam

Hypothyroidism is a clinical syndrome resulting from the production, secretion or
Myoedema in Hypothyroidism ... Myoedema (shown ... Hypothyroidism #PhysicalExam ... clinical #video #neurology ... #endocrinology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... Bartter Syndrome, Gitelman ... syndrome #Primary #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Low intake • Metabolic ... Renal Losses: • Metabolic ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... potassium #low #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Bartter Syndrome, Gitelman ... aldosteronism #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Excessive vomiting - Metabolic ... - Bartter - Gitelman ... increase may cause metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
Myoedema on Physical Exam
Myoedema (or "mounding"): A sign of Hypothyroidism, refers to a small lump rising
Myoedema on Physical ... Exam Myoedema ( ... Myoedema is not ... #PhysicalExam # ... clinical #neurology
Complications of CKD
 - Patients with stages 1-3 ([GFR] >30 mL/min) of CKD are generally asymptomatic;
imbalances or endocrine/metabolic ... #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #CKD