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diagnosis differential nephrology algorithm low management alkalosis high hyperkalemia metabolic pediatrics rhabdomyolysis seizures treatment alkaliintake ammonia barttersyndrome bloodgasanalysis bulimianervosa cardiology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Low intake • Metabolic ... , Gitelman syndrom ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #low
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Chloride depletion syndromes • Gastrointestinal losses -
Causes of Metabolic ... - Gitelman ... • Severe potassium ... depletion (serum potassium ... <2 mmol/L) #Metabolic
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... (renal potassium ... Hypochloremic metabolic ... Supplement: • Potassium ... nephrology #management #pathophysiology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... Pressure: - Metabolic ... , Gitelman syndrome
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Defining the cause ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... diagnosis #algorithm #causes ... #nephrology #potassium
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Gitelman Syndrome ... H+ secretion → Hypokalemia ... Metabolic alkalosis ... #Syndrome #Pathophysiology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Increased Loss - Increased GI Loss - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Refeeding Syndrome ... #Hypokalemia ... #potassium #low ... #pathophysiology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertensive: • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... #Hypokalemia # ... Algorithm #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium
Blood gas analysis Metabolic alkalosis Measured urine CI < 10 mEq/L Saline responsive > 10 mEg/L Not saline responsive - Vomiting or NG
gas analysis Metabolic ... suction Endocrine cause ... H+ loss Renal cause ... - Gitelman syndrome ... - Potassium depletion
Digoxin Pharmacology and Pathophysiology 1) Na/K ATPase Pump - Digoxin works by directly binding to and inhibiting
Digoxin Pharmacology ... and Pathophysiology ... intracellular calcium causes ... - Hyperkalemia ( ... #Pathophysiology
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