10 results
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

ALP:
 - Enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis of organic phosphate
Highest • Bone • Liver ... Cholestasis - Drugs ... elevation DDX of Hepatic ... source: - Drugs ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hepatology
Commonly Observed Laboratory Findings in Hepatic / Liver Failure
 - Elevated conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin -
Laboratory Findings in Hepatic ... deficiency - Anemia ... leads to chronic anemia ... #LiverFailure #Hepatic ... #Hepatology #Laboratory
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... obstruction • ALP ... malignancies, Hepatic ... , Sarcoidosis, Drug-induced ... diagnosis #workup #hepatology
CHA2DS2VASc vs HAS-BLED scores for stroke risk and bleed risk on anticoagulation

C	Congestive Heart Failure	1

H	Hypertension	1

A2	Age >75	2

D	Diabetes Mellitus	1

S2	Stroke,
Abnormal renal/liver ... bilirubin >2x, AST/ALT ... Bleeding history/anemia ... Elderly (>65) 1 D Drugs ... AFib #Diagnosis #Hematology
Venous Thrombosis vs Arterial Thrombosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

VENOUS THROMBOSIS

 • Acquired Risk Factors:
	- >48 hours
• Intravenous Drug ... Syndrome, Ischemic Liver ... Hyperhomocysteinemia - Heparin-induced ... Venous #Arterial #pathophysiology ... #hematology #differential
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
Secondary Causes: - Drug ... - Hemolytic anemia ... deficiency • Liver ... spotted fever • Drug ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
in 1923 Low ALP ... synthesized in: liver ... • Pernicious anemia ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... Hyophosphatasia #hepatology
PLATELETS Mnemonic for Causes of Thrombocytopenia

P - Platelet Disorders (DIC, ITP, TTP)
L - Leukemia, Lymphoma
A -
A - Aplastic Anemia ... Enlarged Spleen L - Liver ... Endocarditis T - Toxin (Drug ... or Heparin-induced ... Differential #Diagnosis #Hematology
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
) • Sepsis • Drug-induced ... with leukopenia, anemia ... thrombocytopenia • Liver ... tests ↑ AST ↑ ALT ... Diagnosis #Management #Hematology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)

High mortality without prompt recognition and management. HLH is a critical diagnostic consideration in
• In all patients ... - Cytopenias (anemia ... - Elevated liver ... Pathophysiology ... Diagnosis #Management #Hematology