28 results
Metformin Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action:
 • Suppresses gluconeogenesis by the liver
 • Increases insulin-mediated glucose utilization
Metformin Pharmacology ... agent • Does not cause ... #Metformin #Pharmacology ... #Summary #DM2 # ... diabetes #endocrinology
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors: Mechanisms and Side Effects
 • Serotonin Syndrome:
   - Autonomic Hyperactivity:
Dizziness - Nausea ... Serotonin #Inhibitors #Pathophysiology ... #Pharmacology # ... SideEffects #Psychiatry ... Diagnosis #Signs #Symptoms
Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors(SNRIs): Mechanisms and Side Effects

Withdrawal: Dizziness, Diarrhea, Insomnia, Nausea, Vomiting
Serotonin Syndrome - Potentially Life
gain Incr NE: Nausea ... SerotoninNorepinephrine #Inhibitors #Pathophysiology ... #Pharmacology # ... SideEffects #Psychiatry ... Diagnosis #Signs #Symptoms
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Phosphate Physical Symptoms ... Bone/joint pain Psychiatric ... Symptoms: Disorientation ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis #endocrinology ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Schizophrenia: Pathogenesis and Symptoms
Increased dopaminergic transmission in mesolimbic projection
-> Dopaminergic neurons here project into the limbic
Pathogenesis and Symptoms ... is thought to cause ... is thought to cause ... Schizophrenia #pathophysiology ... #signs #psychiatry
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists - Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action: Stimulate glucose-dependent insulin release from the pancreas (GLP-1
Receptor Agonists - Pharmacology ... not definitively cause ... Receptor #Agonists #Pharmacology ... #Summary #DM2 # ... diabetes #endocrinology
DPP-4 Inhibitors - Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action: Inhibits DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase 4), which normally inactivates GLP-1
4 Inhibitors - Pharmacology ... not definitively cause ... DPP4 #Inhibitors #Pharmacology ... #Summary #DM2 # ... diabetes #endocrinology
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
share the same pathophysiology ... • Other rare causes ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms ... #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Anticonvulsants as Mood Stabilizers: Mechanism and Side-effect
Examples: Valproate, Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine
 • Mild anticholinergic effect -> Drowsiness
Systemic effect -> Nausea ... #SideEffects #Pathophysiology ... #Psychiatry #Pharmacology
Alcohol Use Disorder: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Tolerance (reduced sensitivity to effects of EtOH)
 •
• Withdrawal symptoms ... , tachycardia, nausea ... AlcoholUseDisorder #EtOH #Pathophysiology ... Diagnosis #Signs #Symptoms ... #Psychiatry