24 results
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... history Step #2 ... #Sodium #nephrology ... #insipidus #DI
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 ... Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #low
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
gene encoding AVP-NPII ... mutations in AQP-2 ... causes (e.g., hypokalemia ... Classification #Types #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... (low intake) 2. ... Diagnosis #Algorithm ... Causes #workup #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Diagnosis Algorithm ... starts by measuring ... acidosis (type 1 of 2) ... diagnosis #algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm Acidosis ... #Differential # ... Algorithm #Diagnosis ... Causes #Workup #Nephrology
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria = >3L Urine output / 24 hours
Urine osmolality = 2 (Na
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine osmolality = 2 ... kg • Diabetes Insipidus ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... PHA type l/type 2 ... #Diagnosis #algorithm ... #nephrology #potassium ... #differential
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup ... Algorithm 1) ... renal mechanism 2) ... Euvolemic: Diabetes insipidus ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Two-step Copeptin algorithm for differential diagnosis of Diabetes Insipidus (DI)

Baseline Copeptin < 21.4 pmol/L:
 • Arginine-stimulated
for differential ... Insipidus (DI) ... #DI #algorithm ... #copeptin #nephrology ... diagnosis