231 results
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
group of disorders caused ... skin that are caused ... Peripheral Smear ... dysplastic erythroid precursors ... Peripheral blood smear
Megaloblastic Anemia vs Normal Peripheral Smear

#Megaloblastic #Anemia #Peripheral #Smear #Comparison #Clinical #Hypersegmented #Neutrophil
Megaloblastic Anemia ... Normal Peripheral Smear ... Megaloblastic #Anemia ... #Peripheral #Smear
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
Hemolytic Anemias ... Algorithm Signs of anemia ... Abnormal peripheral smear ... Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemias ... #Hemolytic #Anemias
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
Overall Approach to Anemia ... Normochromic RBCs on Smear ... • Anemia of Chronic ... Spherocytes on Smear ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
The arrows point to blister cells. These cells are thought to be precursors of helmet cells.
thought to be precursors ... BloodSmear #Blood #Smear
Peripheral Blood Smear Analysis
Hypochromia
Megaloblastic Anemia
Schistocytes: Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (e.g. DIC, TTP, HUS)
Microspherocytes: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Sickled red
Peripheral Blood Smear ... Megaloblastic Anemia ... Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia ... Autoimmune hemolytic anemia ... Peripheral #Blood #Smear
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hereditary:
 • Peripheral blood smear + DAT + further History
 •
Hemolytic Anemia ... Peripheral blood smear ... → Sickle Cell anemia ... Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Pathophysiology - Warm vs Cold AIHA
Warm AIHA:
 - 70%; IgG mediated
 -
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia ... or negative - Smear ... C3 positive - Smear ... Autoimmune #Hemolytic #Anemia
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia ... DIAGNOSE AIHA • Anemia ... C3d • Blood smear ... 2) LOOK FOR a cause ... Autoimmune #Hemolytic #Anemia
Dacrocytes (tear drop cells) 
Other poikilocytes resemble a pear or teardrop. The narrow, tapered end
may be
metaplasia, pernicious anemia ... some hemolytic anemias ... BloodSmear #Blood #Smear