1919 results
Causes of Bleeding / Bruising - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Thrombocytopenia - Quantitative Defect
 • Decreased Production
 •
ASA) • Renal Disease ... Vasculitis Coagulation Proteins ... Von Willebrand's Disease ... deficiencies Coagulation Proteins ... Iatrogenic) • Liver Disease
Protein Losing Enteropathy
Clinical Presentation:
 • Volume overload: Peripheral edema, pleural effusion or ascites.
 • Gl symptoms
Protein Losing Enteropathy ... if underlying disease ... apparent cause of protein ... • Erosive Gl diseases ... : Intestinal diseases
Mechanisms Driving Increased Thrombosis and Bleeding in Liver Disease
Increased Thrombosis 
Increased Platelet-Vesset Wall Interaction 
 •
Bleeding in Liver Disease ... VIII • Decr Protein ... C, Protein S
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
hormone–related protein ... Granulomatous disease ... Other endocrine diseases ... immobilization, Jansen disease
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
bone morphogenic protein ... Congenital heart disease ... veno-occlusive disease ... to left heart disease ... , Gaucher disease
Causes of Ascites - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Portal Hypertension - Prehepatic:
 • Portal vein thrombosis
 • Splenic
• Infiltrative disease ... Hypertension - Protein-poor ... Malnutrition • Protein-losing ... Hypertension - Protein-rich
Unintentional Weight Loss - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Malnutrition:
 • Limited access to food
 • Anorexia
 • Disorders
• Small bowel disease ... Cholestatic liver disease ... • Protein losing
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
AVP-NPII precursor protein ... granulomatous diseases ... Primary renal disease ... ), Sickle cell disease ... the psychiatric disease
Amyloidosis - Summary
Group of disorders associated with extracellular deposition of fibrils formed from low-molecular-weight proteins in
low-molecular-weight proteins ... Visualization of the protein ... the extent of disease ... -1 & IL-6 → AA Protein ... ATTR Protein
Multiple Myeloma and Monoclonal Gammopathies
C - HyperCalcemia- calcium > 11 mg/dL / >1 mg/dL the ULN
R
ULN R - Renal disease ... gamma gap (total protein ... chain deposition disease ... lymphoproliferative diseases ... and autoimmune diseases