10 results
Pathyophysiology - hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes 
Key signs/symptoms of HHS/DKA:
Both: Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss,
hyperglycemic crises ... HHS/DKA: Both: Polyuria ... coma, seizure) #Pathophys ... #EM #IM #Endo #
Causes of Dysuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pyuria - Leukocytes on Dipstick/Microscopy
 - Bacteriuria & Hematuria -
Causes of Dysuria ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Pyuria - Leukocytes ... Trichomonas) No Pyuria ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
Polyuria - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... solute load #Polyuria ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Increased Urinary Frequency - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Non-increased urine volume (<2mL/min), Rule out polyuria
Extrinsic to Urinary Tract:
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... min), Rule out polyuria ... Infection (See Dysuria ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
Causes of Polyuria ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Polyuria - Urine ... Insipidus #Polyuria ... #Causes
Mechanisms of Lower Extremity Edema: #Diagnosis #Pathophys #EM #IM #Edema #Lower #LowerExtremity #Causes #Starling #Oncotic #Hydrostatic
Edema: #Diagnosis #Pathophys ... #EM #IM #Edema ... LowerExtremity #Causes ... Differential #Mechanism #Algorithm
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Algorithmic Approach ... • UA: sterile pyuria ... , WBC casts, eosinophiluria ... proteinuria, granular casts ... Nephritis #AIN #Algorithm
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... diuresis (see Polyuria ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
Causes of Chronic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Interstitial (Sterile pyuria ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes
Hydronephrosis and Urinoma on Renal POCUS (Transverse)
Pt c/o RUQ pain. Has known gallstones and states feels
Urinoma on Renal POCUS ... urinoma in this case ... hematuria without pyuria ... kidney when doing POCUS ... Urinoma #Renal #POCUS