16 results
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
pathophysiologic causes ... Post-strep GN, Lupus ... • Limited to Kidney ... Glomerulonephritis #Vasculitis ... #differential #diagnosis
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
often causes arthritis ... inflammation Others: • Lupus ... mucositis - Rash ... such as systemic lupus ... LFT • ESR • ANA
Causes of Petechial Rash - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Pinpoint areas (less than 2 mm) of hemorrhage, which
Causes of Petechial ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... (lupus, RA, Sjogren's ... for hepatitis B and ... #Algorithm #Causes
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Acute Kidney Injury ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Emboli, Thrombosis, Vasculitis ... • GN: ANCA, Anti-GBM ... #nephrology #causes
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations

 • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response ->
hair follicles -> causes ... plugging -> Discoid Rash ... Malar (butterfly) Rash ... Livedo Reticularis, Vasculitis ... pathophysiology #diagnosis
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
Differential Diagnosis ... vasculitis, rheumatoid ... Kidney disease common ... induced SLE • Kidney ... Erythematosus #Diagnosis
Causes of Pharyngitis - Differential Diagnosis
Infectious:
 • Bacterial: Group A Strep, Group B and C Strep,
Causes of Pharyngitis ... Syphilis • Viral: EBV ... Viruses Autoimmune: Lupus ... vasculitis, Inflammatory ... #Causes
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL):
 • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
myalgia, serositis, Kidney ... NPSLE rare, Malar rash ... Workup: - ANA ... Discontinuation of causal ... #rheumatology #diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... Differential Diagnosis ... osmolarity If cause ... Glomerulonephritis / Vasculits ... : ANCA, ANA, Anti-GBM
ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) and ANCA (Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies)
 • Systemic lupus erythematosus
   1. Anti-dsDNA
ANA (Antinuclear ... ) • Systemic lupus ... Vasculitis: • ... + 90% • Anti-GBM ... Antineutrophil #antibodies #diagnosis