8 results
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Secondary Causes ... multi-drug resistance) Renal ... • Bilateral RAS ... • Unilateral RAS ... #Nephrology #Differential
Cardiorenal Syndrome (CRS) Types
 • Type 1 - Acute CRS: Alteration of renal perfusion is the
Cardiorenal Syndrome ... - Chronic RCS: Hypertension ... shifts may be in cause ... • Type 5 - Secondary ... Types #cardiology #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal ... disease - Hypertensive ... tubular necrosis (causes ... : sepsis, meds, ... Classification #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Causes of Secondary ... An acute rise or ... with previously stable ... disturbance, or acute ... Jcortesizaguirr #Secondary
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... inhibitors, hepatorenal syndrome ... nephropathy • Secondary ... • Prolonged hypotension ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Torsemide) • Acute ... Kidney stones caused ... hyperaldosteronism • Acute ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Neurological symptoms: Acute ... , ADEM, Acute toxic ... the underlying cause ... Seizures: Treat with AEDs ... until cause identified
Syphilis - Clinical Manifestations and Treatment

1) Primary Syphilis
 • Direct lesion contact during sex is responsible
loss • Skin: Rash ... Albuminuria, nephrotic syndrome ... , or acute nephritis ... with hypertension ... and acute renal