16 results
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
conditions: Autoimmune (SLE ... -(rare), Valve dysfunction ... failure ++, Valve dysfunction ... Valve destruction/dysfunction ... Marantic #diagnosis #table
Bedside Classification of Shock

Hypovolemic shock 

- Vomiting, diarrhea, overdiuresis 

- Hemorrhage (GI, peritoneal, RP) 

Distributive shock
Bedside Classification ... Acute valve dysfunction ... - Endocarditis ... Prosthetic valve dysfunction ... Cardiogenic #Comparison #Table
Diastolic Function Grading - Schematic diastolic filling patterns

I: impaired relaxation, II: moderate diastolic dysfunction (pseudonormal), III:
moderate diastolic dysfunction ... pulmonary artery systolic ... Diastolic #Diastology #Dysfunction ... #Grading #Classification ... Grades #Criteria #Table
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
Systolic Murmurs ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Papillary Muscle Dysfunction ... Carcinoid #Systolic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Pathogenesis

 • Genetic factors (Mutations in HLA- DR2/HLA-DR3 genes, complement genes, cytokine
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ... (SLE): Pathogenesis ... defects (i.e. dysfunction ... Erythematosus #SLE ... #Pathophysiology
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
fever, Infective endocarditis ... cushion defects), Systemic ... inflammation (SLE ... fever, Infective endocarditis ... deterioration, Occluder dysfunction
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Manifestations of Systemic ... Erythematosus (SLE ... Encephalopathy, Cognitive Dysfunction ... Disease, PRES Pathophysiology ... Erythematosus #SLE
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Myocardial • Systolic ... Dysfunction • ... Diastolic Dysfunction ... Artery Disease • Stable
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Endocarditis Summary ... • Autoimmune (SLE ... Vascular: • Systemic ... underlying cause + Systemic ... Surgery: • Valvular dysfunction
Figure. An approach to the diagnostic use of echocardiography (echo). Rx indicates prescription; TEE, transesophageal
echocardiography; and
diseases, previous endocarditis ... other stigmata of endocarditis ... secondary ventricular dysfunction ... (see text). ... Echocardiogram #TTE #TEE #Algorithm