17 results
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Neuromuscular Weakness ... (MS), Epidural abscess ... poisoning, Scorpion sting ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Differential Diagnosis ... Spinal infection/abscess ... lower extremity weakness ... #causes #neurology
Causes of Peripheral Weakness without Sensory Changes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
No Objective Weakness
 • Cardio-pulmonary disease
- Differential Diagnosis ... Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome ... Dystrophy • Statin ... #Neurology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hypovolemia ... Diarrhea, Third spacing ... #Algorithm #Causes ... #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... and Differential Diagnosis ... syndrome: troponin ... NT-proBNP, cardiac imaging ... #AKI #Workup #Algorithm
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... • Infection (abscess ... Complications: • Weakness ... pain (shooting, stabbing ... pathophysiology #diagnosis
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
onset of limb weakness ... Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ... 4 weeks after starting ... stroke Tuberculous Abscess ... #Tuberculosis #diagnosis
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
- Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... mOsm/kg - Implies renal ... thirst, Lack of access ... #nephrology #sodium
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Diagnosis Framework ... Infectious: Brain abscess ... toxins: Steroids, Statins ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #neurology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Assess volume status ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology