31 results
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
injury -> Ligaments tear ... onto lateral hip Signs ... FemoralHead #Fractures #msk ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Bipolar Disorder: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Disruption of emotional homeostasis
 • Oscillation between mood states
maintain this state ... MoodDisorders #Diagnosis ... #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms ... #Psychiatry
Pathogenesis of Anxiety Disorders

Anxiety Disorders: A maladaptive emotional state causing fear,
worry, and excessive stress, characterized by:
maladaptive emotional state ... causing fear, ... less internal locus ... Anxiety #Disorders #Pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #psychiatry
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Symptoms: Commonly no signs ... osteoporosis, Kidney stones ... Bone/joint pain Psychiatric ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
, rotator cuff tear ... FrozenShoulder #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs #stages ... #staging #msk
Meralgia paresthetica: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Compression/injury of Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve (LFCN) -> Meralgia paresthetica
 •
sensory • Before diagnosis ... inguinal ligament (near ... MeralgiaParesthetica #MSK ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
inflammation of middle ear ... cavity as middle ear ... #Mastoiditis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis #otology
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
Trauma • Strains/ tears ... Trendelenburg #Gait #pathophysiology ... causes #symptoms #signs ... #diagnosis #msk
Humeral Avulsion of the Inferior Glenohumeral Ligament (HAGL)
 • Imaging Findings:
 • Large defect of the
with a capsule tear ... Differential diagnosis ... GAGL): "Reverse J sign ... No tear of the labrum ... #msk
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis ... and Management ... survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... anterior/posterior MSK ... #Management #Signs