26 results
Parinaud's Syndrome
What?
 - Impaired upgaze
 - Light-near dissociation
 - Convergence retraction nystagmus
 - Eyelid retraction (Collier's
Parinaud's Syndrome ... upgaze - Light-near ... retraction (Collier's sign ... → "setting sun sign ... diagnosis #pineal #neurology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Independent: • Tea ... and Toast Syndrome ... failure, nephrotic syndrome ... #causes #nephrology
Parinaud's syndrome
What?
 • Light-near dissociation (tectal pupils)
 • Convergence retraction nystagmus
 • Eyelid retraction (Collier's sign)
Parinaud's syndrome ... • Light-near dissociation ... retraction (Collier's sign ... "setting sun" sign ... #neurology #diagnosis
Isocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative Afferent Pupil Defect
 • Optic Neuritis
 • Ischemic
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Syphilis (light-near ... Midbrain (Parinaud's Syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Ophthalmology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... of hypokalemia starts ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
6mm); • Light-near ... Holmes-Adie Syndrome ... - no light-near ... #PhysicalExam #neurology ... #ophthalmology
Xeropthalmia: Pathogenesis and Ocular Manifestations

Decr Visual pigment -> Keratinization, thickening & non-wetting of the conjunctiva
mucins with reduced tear ... conjunctiva) • Bitot's spots ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... Potomania - Tea ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... papilledema • Horner syndrome ... • Meningeal signs ... Systemic symptoms and signs ... #neurology #PHANTOMS
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... clinical context and signs ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... #AKI #Workup #Algorithm ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology