52 results
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Causes of Secondary Hypertension ... - Differential Diagnosis ... (correction of hypokalemia ... Oral sodium loading ... Causes #Screening #Workup
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Defining ... the existence of hypertension ... #algorithm #causes ... #nephrology #potassium
Adrenal Incidentalomas: Hormone Evaluation
 • Zona Glomerulosa: Primary Hyperaldosteronism?
    - Aldosterone and renin
Aldosterone and renin if hypokalemia ... and/or hypertension ... Fasciculata: Cushing Syndrome ... dexamethasone test ... #workup #endocrinology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Refeeding syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
and Workup Step ... Repeat the sodium ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypertensive: ... , Congenital Adrenal ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
Cushing Syndrome Testing Algorithm
INDICATIONS FOR TESTING:
 • Suspected Cushing syndrome (central obesity, muscle weakness, refractory hypertension)
Testing:
Testing Algorithm ... weakness, refractory hypertension ... dexamethasone suppression test ... #diagnosis #algorithm ... endocrinology #Adrenal
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm - Diabetes ... Insipidus Workup ... & desmopressin test ... #Sodium #nephrology
Adrenal Insufficiency Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical features: 
 - Weight loss, anorexia, Weakness, fatigue, GI distress
 - Hypotension,
Diagnosis Algorithm ... GI distress - Hypotension ... Hyponatremia, hyperkalemia ... cosyntropin stimulation test ... interact with stim test