10 results
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
- Differential Diagnosis ... Consider secondary HTN ... • AKI/CKD Mineralocorticoid ... #HTN #Secondary ... #Nephrology #Differential
Primary and Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary (Essential) (95%) - Onset between age
- Differential Diagnosis ... taken at home, work ... disease - CKD, AKI ... excess (Cushing syndrome ... Primary #Secondary #HTN
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Kidney Injury (AKI ... Abdominal Compartment Syndrome ... Vascular: Emboli, Thrombosis ... C3/C4, Other • ATN ... #nephrology #causes
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
Portal Hypertension ... - Differential Diagnosis ... and hepatorenal syndrome ... • Portal vein thrombosis ... #causes #hepatology
Causes of Portal Hypertension According to Site of Vascular Obstruction
1) Prehepatic pre-sinusoidal: Portal vein thrombosis due
Causes of Portal Hypertension ... pre-sinusoidal: Portal vein thrombosis ... post-sinusoidal: Budd-Chiari syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #hepatology
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Kidney Injury AKI ... inhibitors, hepatorenal syndrome ... Injury/Necrosis (ATN ... • Prolonged hypotension ... #nephrology
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
negative IF • Ex: Thrombotic ... anti-phospholipid syndrome ... nephritis, malignant HTN ... Glomerulonephritis #MPGN #nephrology ... #diagnosis #renal
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
/Hypertensive emergency ... factor PRES Diagnosis ... Cerebral venous thrombosis ... • Treatment of HTN ... #neurology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... + myoglobin AKI ... injured muscles - HYPOTENSION ... hyperkalemia or ATN ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
, RTA Type IV, AI ... reabsorption) Workup ... tourniquet / IVF line draw ... ) - caution in HTN ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology