29 results
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Causes of Anemia ... Poisoning • Anemia ... Inflammation, Chronic Infection ... #MCV #Classification ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis ... • Autoimmune diseases ... Adult-onset Still disease ... Unknown cause Treatment ... #summary #rheumatology
Lactic Acidosis - Classification and Differential Diagnosis
Type A Lactic Acidosis: Inadequate Oxygen Delivery
 • Anaerobic muscular
Lactic Acidosis - Classification ... delivery: Hypoxemia, Anemia ... with underlying disease ... Hepatic failure, Infection ... Lactic #Acidosis #Classification
Hypersensitivity: Summary
Type I Hypersensitivity:
 • Immunological Mediator: lgE
 • Immunological Target: Allergen Molecules
 • Ex: Antibiotic
conjunctivitis Type ... Autoimmune Hemolytic anemia ... Gravis, Graves' Disease ... Arthritis, Post-infectious ... #Classification
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
hemolysis, deficiency anemia ... Rebound effect from treatment ... Vasculitides, IBD, Celiac disease ... TPO, TPO-RA • Infections ... : Chronic infections
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
A subset of hemophagocytic ... SLE], AOSD) • Infection ... with leukopenia, anemia ... Treatment: • Corticosteroids ... #Rheumatology
Differential Diagnosis for Hemolytic Anemia
Intrinsic Causes:
 • Enzyme deficiencies ex. G6PD, pyruvate kinase 
 • Hemoglobinopathies
for Hemolytic Anemia ... Causes: • Liver disease ... drug induced • Infections ... Diagnosis #causes #classification ... #hematology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Definition: Overwhelming clinical syndrome associated with excessive macrophage activation and cytokine storm due to
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis ... age, however the disease ... can mimic common infections ... : • Infection ... #hematology
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
Clinical Classification ... protein receptor type ... activin A receptor type ... - HIV infection ... Chronic hemolytic anemia
Cryoglobulinemia Summary

Cryoglobulins:
 • Cryoglobulins are Igs in the serum that precipitate in vitro at temperatures below
: HCV infection, ... HBV infection, ... • Autoimmune diseases ... #classification ... #rheumatology #