11 results
Liver Chemistry Tests - AST, ALT, Alkaline Phosphatase and Bilirubin Metabolism
AST and ALT:
 • AST: liver
, Alkaline Phosphatase ... Alkaline phosphatase ... bile canaliculi (ATP-dependent ... AlkPhos #Bilirubin #Hepatology ... #Pathophysiology
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
synthesized in: liver ... deficiency • blood ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... Phosphatase: • Other causes ... Hyophosphatasia #hepatology
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP)
Pathophysiology:
 • Defect in fetal free fatty acid metabolism products →
) Pathophysiology ... = nonspecific (nausea ... , vomiting, abdominal ... Pregnancy #hepatology ... diagnosis #management #pathophysiology
Causes of Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Disorders - Differential Diagnosis and Workup
History:
 - Prior platelet count, family
plateletcount), peripheral blood ... : INR/PT, aPTT(liver ... not required in all ... Refractory ITP, ... #Workup #hematology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... intralobular bile ducts causes ... PBC Labs: • Alkaline ... obstruction • ALP ... diagnosis #workup #hepatology
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview

Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors

Findings:
 • Bleeding
 • Recent history
ABO incompatible blood ... protein C and S Pathophysiology ... • TMA’s (HUS/TTP ... DIC • Severe Liver ... Treat primary cause
Major Clinical Trials and Evidence Summary for Transfusion Thresholds in Critical Care

TRICC - NEJM 1999 -
NEJM 1999 - ICU FOCUS ... Transfusing blood ... Blood saves lives ... unnecessary and cause ... ALI is the deadliest
Venous Thrombosis vs Arterial Thrombosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

VENOUS THROMBOSIS

 • Acquired Risk Factors:
	- >48 hours
Hyperviscosity, TTP ... Syndrome, Ischemic Liver ... considered in all ... coagulation and other causes ... Venous #Arterial #pathophysiology
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
the peripheral blood ... -> AML: Blast crises ... , weight loss, abdominal ... Cytopenias • AIHA, ITP ... #Leukemia #Hematology
Amyloidosis - Summary
Group of disorders associated with extracellular deposition of fibrils formed from low-molecular-weight proteins in
→ Mutant TTR → ... hypoadrenalism • Nausea ... Diagnostic Testing Blood ... Creatinine, albumin, alkaline ... Diagnostic imaging of liver