52 results
Antecubital Vein examination to estimate JVP/CVP

In this video, the antecubital veins move between 

Below [RA +
Antecubital Vein ... the antecubital veins ... Or upper arm DVTs ... But in rare cases ... #Antecubital #Vein
Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO)
 - Pathophysiology not fully understood; possibly due to thrombus located in
Central Retinal Vein ... Occlusion (CRVO) - Pathophysiology ... central retinal vein ... Second most common cause ... disease (Most common cause
Peripheral Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework for Lower Extremity Edema

Edema occurs when any of the following
Extremity Edema: • DVT ... insufficiency • Varicose veins ... SVC syndrome • DVT ... the left iliac vein ... #PhysicalExam #Pathophysiology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
HTN • Renal vein ... of left renal vein ... Urethra/Prostate Causes ... urinary tract) Causes ... #urology #nephrology
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Bone/Joint Causes ... Hematoma Venous Causes ... Leg Pain: • DVT ... • Varicose veins ... Crush injury • DVT
Varicocele: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Primary:
 - Anatomically: the left spermatic vein drains into the left renal
left spermatic vein ... the left renal vein ... retroperitoneal masses ... #Varicocele #Pathophysiology ... Signs #Symptoms #Urology
Bell's Palsy
Bell’s Palsy is a damage, acute weakness, or paralysis of the Facial nerve (7th CN),
an identifiable cause ... The cause is unknown ... #Bells #Palsy #neurology ... #anatomy #pathophysiology
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HIV-AIDS Patients
Cytomegalovirus (CMV): double-stranded DNA virus, herpesvirus family.
CMV infection: virus isolation or detection
50 or less: • Neurologic ... Retinitis (Most common cause ... Hepatitis, Portal vein ... Cardiovascular risk, DVT
Schematic representation of the major sources of ammonia production and its excretory pathway (GI = gastrointestinal,
inferior mesenteric vein ... although hepatic causes ... namely, the many causes ... many non-hepatic causes ... deficiency #Ammonia #Pathophysiology
Magnesium Absorption and Pathophysiology 
Magnesium Absorption: 
 • absorbed in the GIT — small intestine, Saturable
Absorption and Pathophysiology ... Henle • 5-10% in DCT ... Magnesium #Absorption #Pathophysiology ... Mg #transport #nephrology